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Woodworking Math

Plywood sheet sizes

The standard sheet is 4 × 8 feet (48 × 96 inches, 1,219 × 2,438 mm). The structural plywood standard, NIST PS 1-22, writes its grade rules for a 4 × 8 ft panel and scales them for other sizes, and it sets how far a sheet may differ from the size the maker states.

From the standard, NIST PS 1-22

How far short a sheet may run

A sheet may be up to 1/16 inch under its stated length or width, and never over. So a 4 × 8 sheet can measure as little as 47 15/16 × 95 15/16 inches and still meet the standard. Panels marked “sized for spacing”, made a little small so they can be laid with a gap, may be up to 1/8 inch under.

The standard measures length and width 2 to 3 inches in from the edge, with the panel at 9% moisture content.

So measure the sheet before you lay out a cut list to the last 1/16 inch, and allow for your saw's kerf in every cut.

Baltic birch: 5 × 5 feet

Baltic birch plywood is sold in metric sizes, and dealers list its classic sheet as 5 × 5 feet, 1525 × 1525 mm. Many dealers also sell it cut into smaller project panels. Its thicknesses are metric too: see Baltic birch plywood.

Panel thickness is on the plywood thickness chart.

Sources

  1. NIST (US Department of Commerce) / APA, Voluntary Product Standard PS 1-22, Structural Plywood, §5.4, §5.10 and Table 10 (effective 2 October 2023), read 2026-11-07
  2. Woodworkers Source, Your ultimate guide to Baltic birch plywood, read 2026-11-07
  3. The Wood Vault (KJP Select Hardwoods), Baltic birch plywood, read 2026-11-07

How we source these numbers